Without treatment, this groundwater does not conform to drinking-water or agricultural water-quality standards. The intruding seawater decreases the freshwater storage in the aquifers. When groundwater is pumped from a coastal aquifer, lowered water levels can cause seawater to be drawn toward the freshwater zones of the aquifer. An interface between freshwater and seawater is maintained with denser seawater underlying freshwater. In general, under natural conditions, the seaward movement of freshwater prevents seawater from encroaching coastal aquifers.
This involves understanding the aquifer-ocean interconnection, and distinguishing among multiple sources of saline water.
Quantifying the extent and rate of seawater intrusion is key to sustainable management and use of groundwater resources.
The extent of seawater intrusion varies widely among localities and hydrogeological settings. Seawater intrusion associated with groundwater overdraft and lowering of groundwater levels has occurred in many of the coastal aquifers of the United States. Resources are listed on the Resources page of this site, and relevant resources are also listed in bullet points at the conclusion of each section.
This USGS site includes information, tools, and data relevant to DWR's BMPs, and additional resources, to help water managers address key components of the required Groundwater Sustainability Plans (GSPs), including monitoring. The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) has drafted Best Management Practices (BMPs) for monitoring seawater intrusion.
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